What planning approach was proposed by Tony Garnier in 1917 that emphasized zoning?

The planning approach proposed by Tony Garnier in 1917 that emphasized zoning is the Cite Industrielle. This concept was an innovative idea for urban development that focused on separating different functions within a city, such as residential, industrial, and recreational areas, through careful zoning. Garnier envisioned a well-organized city where industries were clustered away from residential areas, thereby improving the quality of life for its inhabitants. The approach integrated modernist architectural principles with urban planning, reflecting early 20th-century thoughts on how cities could be designed to address industrialization's challenges while maintaining livable environments.

Other concepts, such as the Garden City Concept, aimed to combine the benefits of both urban and rural living, while New Urbanism focuses on walkable neighborhoods and mixed-use developments. The New Town Concept typically involves creating new communities to address population growth and urban sprawl, aiming for self-sufficiency rather than zoning per se. These different approaches reflect varying philosophies toward urban planning that differ significantly from Garnier's emphasis on zoning as the core organizing principle for the Cite Industrielle.