What stage involves defining the problem and establishing guidelines for a design process?

The process of defining the problem and establishing guidelines for a design process belongs to the programming stage. This phase is crucial as it lays the groundwork for the entire project by identifying the needs, constraints, and goals that will shape the subsequent design. During programming, information is gathered through stakeholder interviews, surveys, and analysis of the site and context, which inform the project requirements and objectives.

By clearly articulating the project's parameters and requirements in the programming phase, architects set the stage for informed decision-making and design development in later stages. This proactive approach ensures that the design response is tailored to the specific needs of the users and the context, leading to a more successful outcome.