What term describes rocks that have broken off from bedrock?

The term that accurately describes rocks that have broken off from bedrock is "boulders." Boulders are large, solid pieces of rock that have been detached from the primary bedrock due to weathering and erosion processes. Their size typically exceeds that of gravel and pebbles, which are smaller fragments of rock. Understanding the size classifications of different rock types helps in distinguishing between boulders, which are substantial and often difficult to move, and other smaller materials like gravel and pebbles.

In the context of geological processes, boulders can contribute to the formation of landscapes, influence erosion patterns, and impact ecosystems. This distinction is important for fields like architecture and civil engineering where knowledge of local geology can inform design choices, especially regarding site development and drainage.