What term describes the creation of a non-surviving site using new materials?

The term that accurately describes the creation of a non-surviving site using new materials is reconstruction. Reconstruction refers to the process of replicating a structure or feature that has been lost or significantly altered by creating it anew, typically utilizing modern materials and techniques. This method is used when there is no longer an original structure to preserve or restore, making it distinct from the other terms that imply some level of preservation of the original material or character.

On the other hand, preservation involves maintaining and protecting existing structures without major changes; rehabilitation allows for alterations that are compatible with the existing structure while aiming to return it to a usable state; and restoration focuses on returning a building to a known earlier state, often through the use of original materials and methods. Therefore, reconstruction specifically emphasizes the use of new materials to create a version of a site that may no longer exist, which aligns with the context of the question.